Home> VITAMIN D TOTAL (D2+D3)
Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism. Vitamin D is a group of biologically inactive, fat-soluble prohormones that exist in two major forms: ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), produced by plants in response to ultraviolet irradiation, and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), derived from animal tissues or 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin by the action of ultraviolet rays present in sunlight. Vitamin D, which is biologically inactive, needs two-step hydroxylation for activation.
Vitamin D total (D2 + D3) tests involve measuring both vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) levels in your bloodstream. The total Vitamin D test provides a more comprehensive evaluation of overall vitamin D status in the body compared to a standard test, which typically measures only Vitamin D3 levels. In contrast, a standard vitamin D test usually focuses solely on Vitamin D3 levels, which may suffice for general monitoring or initial screening purposes.
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) play distinct roles in the human body. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) is synthesised naturally. It is produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight or Ultraviolet B rays (UVB radiation). Vitamin D3 is also found in animal products like fatty fish (e.g.: salmon, mackerel) and egg yolks. Vitamin D3 is primarily responsible for maintaining blood levels of vitamin D and influencing calcium absorption in the intestines, which is crucial for bone health. It is frequently included in vitamin D supplements because the body effectively absorbs and uses it.
Derived from plants and included in fortified foods, ergocalciferol is another name for Vitamin D2.. While less potent than Vitamin D3, Vitamin D2 still contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels in the body. Vitamin D supplements which are prescribed for individuals with dietary restrictions or those who require higher doses usually contain Vitamin D2 or Ergocalciferol.
Both forms undergo metabolic conversions in the liver and kidneys to their active forms (calcidiol and calcitriol), which regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism, supporting bone mineralization and overall health.
The Total Vitamin D test is ordered by physicians when they need a complete picture of both forms of vitamin D. This is particularly important in cases where individuals may have varying sources of vitamin D intake, such as dietary supplements containing either Vitamin D2 or Vitamin D3, or those with unique nutritional requirements, dietary restrictions or medical conditions affecting vitamin D metabolism.
It helps in diagnosing and monitoring vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, which can affect bone health, immune function, and overall well-being.
By assessing total vitamin D levels, this test guides the formulation of supplementation strategies to maintain adequate amounts of both vitamin D2 and D3.
Assessing Total Vitamin D levels is essential for diagnosing and managing various conditions related to vitamin D deficiency, including osteoporosis, rickets, adult rickets (osteomalacia), and ongoing musculoskeletal pain.
There are various reasons why doctors may request a Vitamin D test, including but not limited to:
- To diagnose or rule out vitamin D deficiency, which can lead to bone disorders like osteoporosis, osteomalacia, or rickets.
- Upon diagnosing a deficiency, the total Vitamin D test is used to evaluate the progress and effectiveness of vitamin D treatment plans.
- Individuals with conditions or risk factors that may affect vitamin D absorption or metabolism, such as obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, or certain medications, may require periodic monitoring.
- Vitamin D levels may impact chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune disorders, and certain cancers, prompting testing for management and prevention.
- Some physicians may recommend vitamin D testing as part of routine health assessments, especially for individuals with limited sun exposure or inadequate dietary intake.
Before undergoing a Total Vitamin D test, consider these preparatory measures to ensure accurate results:
- Unlike some blood tests, fasting is typically not necessary for a Total Vitamin D test. However, follow any specific instructions provided by your physician.
- Due to stable vitamin D levels throughout the day, the test can be conducted at any time, with morning appointments often preferred for convenience.
- Inform your physician about any medications or OTC supplements you are currently consuming, as some of them can alter vitamin D levels.
- Remain calm and relaxed during the procedure to minimise any potential stress-related impacts on vitamin D levels.
By following these precautions and preparing accordingly, you can help ensure that your Total Vitamin D test results are accurate and meaningful for your overall health assessment.
The Total Vitamin D test is suggested for:
- Individuals with symptoms suggestive of vitamin D deficiency, such as bone pain, muscle weakness, or frequent fractures.
- For pregnant or breastfeeding women, adequate vitamin D is crucial for foetal development and breastfeeding infants.
- People previously identified as having inadequate vitamin D levels
- Dark-Skinned Individuals with higher melanin levels in the skin reduce the production of vitamin D from sunlight exposure.
- People with conditions that impact fat absorption (like Crohn's disease or celiac disease), kidney or liver disorders, and those taking medications that affect vitamin D metabolism.
- Obese or overweight people as Vitamin D can become sequestered in fat tissues, making it less bioavailable for use by the body.
- Individuals with limited sun exposure.
- Those undergoing vitamin D supplementation to ensure levels are within optimal ranges for bone health and overall well-being.
- Patients with osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, autoimmune diseases, or chronic conditions where vitamin D status may influence disease progression.
- Older adults, as ageing may affect vitamin D synthesis and absorption, increasing the risk of deficiency.
- Individuals living in regions with limited sunlight during certain seasons, can impact natural vitamin D synthesis.
At Vijaya Diagnostics, our LCMS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry). technology in the biochemistry department uniquely separates Vitamin D2 and D3, offering a detailed assessment of your vitamin D status. This advanced capability provides a more precise and comprehensive analysis compared to standard tests that often provide combined results.
This is how the LCMS process works:
- Different molecules are separated based on their size and chemical properties using a method called liquid chromatography.
- Once separated, the molecules are examined using a mass spectrometer, which identifies and measures them based on their mass and electrical charge.
- LC-MS/MS ensures highly precise and accurate measurements, distinguishing between Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 to provide a comprehensive evaluation of their individual concentrations in the bloodstream.
This advanced technology ensures reliable results and is particularly beneficial in distinguishing between different forms of substances present in the blood.
Vitamin D measurement:
Measurement of serum levels of vitamin D, which plays an important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone mineralization, is conducted worldwide. For this, it is preferred to measure the 25 OH D level, which has a longer half-life (24–36 hours), can be taken exogenously, and can be synthesised endogenously. The half-life of the 1–25 (OH) 2D3 form is short (4–6 hours), and its serum levels are 1000 times lower than 25 OH D. For these reasons, the active form is not preferred for routine measurement
Total Vitamin D tests are usually safe, quick and relatively painless diagnostic tests. Engaging in a Vitamin D Total test carries very minimal risks, mainly related to the blood draw procedure. Possible risks associated with total Vitamin D tests include (but are not restricted to):
- Some individuals may experience temporary discomfort or slight pain at the needle insertion site during blood collection.
- Although rare, there is a small possibility of infection at the blood draw site, mitigated by adhering to thorough sterilisation procedures.
- There is a small possibility that individuals may feel lightheaded or faint during or after the blood draw.
- Minor bruising or tenderness near the area where the blood sample is drawn is possible.
The total vitamin D test analyses both Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 levels separately, giving a holistic perspective on your vitamin D levels. Total Vitamin D Results within the recommended range indicate sufficient vitamin D levels, essential for bone health, immune function, and overall well-being.
Normal levels of Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and measurement units used.
Normal levels of Vitamin D3 or Cholecalciferol often range between 30 to 100 nanograms per millilitre (ng/mL) or 75 to 250 nanomoles per litre (nmol/L) in most adults. Optimal Vitamin D3 levels may vary based on factors such as age, health status, and geographical location. Normal Vitamin D2 ranges are less established compared to Vitamin D3
Low levels may suggest vitamin D deficiency, linked to conditions like osteoporosis, rickets in children, and osteomalacia in adults.
Symptoms of low levels of Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 can include:
- Aching or tenderness in bones, especially in the back, hips, and legs
- Difficulty in performing physical activities due to muscle weakness and fatigue..
- Feelings of sadness, depression, or mood swings.
- Increased Vulnerability or Susceptibility to Infections
- Thinning or loss of hair
- Thinning or loss of hair
Elevated vitamin D levels can lead to toxicity, potentially causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and kidney problems.
Recognizing symptoms of Vitamin D deficiency or Vitamin D toxicity are crucial for early detection and management of vitamin D deficiency, promoting overall health and well-being.
Results are interpreted alongside symptoms, medical history, and other tests to determine appropriate treatments, including supplements or lifestyle adjustments.
Treatment options for Vitamin D deficiency include:
- Supplementation: Typically involves oral vitamin D supplements, such as cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) or ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2), prescribed based on the severity of deficiency.
- Sun Exposure: Moderate sun exposure can also help boost vitamin D levels, but it should be balanced to prevent skin damage.
- Dietary Changes: Increasing intake of vitamin D-rich foods like fatty fish, fortified dairy products, and fortified cereals.
Treatment options for Vitamin D toxicity include:
- Immediate cessation of vitamin D supplements to prevent further accumulation.
- In severe instances, IV fluids and drugs may be given to aid in enhancing elimination.
- Regular monitoring of blood calcium levels and kidney function until vitamin D levels normalise.
- Addressing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and dehydration as necessary.
Effective treatment for both conditions requires careful monitoring and adjustment based on individual health status and vitamin D levels.
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Ans) Vitamin D levels generally remain stable throughout the day, allowing the Total Vitamin D test to be conducted at any hour. Consult your physician to understand the best time for you to schedule your Vitamin D total (Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3) test.
Ans) Total Vitamin D test results are typically available within 24 to 72 hours of the blood draw. The exact turnaround time may vary depending on the diagnostic centre.
Ans) The schedule for Total Vitamin D Testing relies on individual health circumstances and the recommendations given by your physician. It may vary from annual checks to more frequent testing for those at higher risk including elderly individuals, Dark-Skinned Individuals, obese people, Pregnant or Breastfeeding Women, etc
Ans) Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency or inadequacy include bone pain, mood changes, muscle weakness, frequent infections or compromised immunity, hair loss and fatigue.
Ans) Excessive vitamin D intake can lead to hypercalcemia, characterised by elevated blood calcium levels. Excess vitamin D can lead to nausea, vomiting, increased urination, weakness, confusion, kidney stones, and high blood calcium levels.
Ans) Discontinue Vitamin D supplements and reduce sun exposure to reduce Vitamin D levels and maintain normal levels.
Ans) The cost of a Total Vitamin D Test may significantly vary depending on factors like the diagnostic centre or hospital where you get the Total Vitamin D Test, the location of the diagnostic centre or hospital. The Total Vitamin D Test test price at Vijaya Diagnostic typically ranges from just INR 1850 to INR 2080. Plus, with app-only discounts and cashback, taking care of your health has never been easier or more rewarding.
Ans) Consume fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), fortified dairy products, egg yolks, and mushrooms to improve Vitamin D levels. Increase exposure to sunlight to improve Vitamin D levels
Ans) For adults, vitamin D levels are ideally within the range of 30-100 ng/mL or 75-250 nmol/L, although this is just a guideline. Talk to your doctor to understand the ideal Vitamin D levels for you based on your medical history and health condition.
Ans) If you are looking for a reliable and affordable diagnostic centre near you to get a total Vitamin D test then look no further than Vijaya Diagnostics. With over 140+ cutting-edge labs across 20+ cities, you are sure to find a Vijaya Diagnostic centre near you!
What’s more? We are bringing Vitamin D total tests, preventive health checkups and other blood tests right to your doorstep with our home sample collection option. Book a convenient time slot using our app and enjoy exclusive discounts, cashbacks and more on the Vijaya Diagnostic app! You can alternatively call us on 040 - 2100 0000 or choose your preferred test from the Vijaya Diagnostics website.