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What is Serology?

Serology, a cornerstone of diagnostic medicine, meticulously examines antibodies in bodily fluids, playing a vital role in medical investigations. This process is pivotal not just for diagnosing and monitoring infectious diseases but also for decoding our body's immune response to infections. When faced with infection, antibodies, essential proteins, are produced and circulate in the bloodstream. Serological tests then quantify these antibodies, providing critical health insights.


Serological tests are performed on serum samples. Serum is a blood component devoid of clotting factors and it constitutes the non-clotting liquid portion formed after blood coagulation. Serological tests are used to diagnose Brucellosis, HIV, Measles, Rubella, Amebiasis, Syphilis and several fungal infections.


Serological blood tests employ various advanced techniques to focus on immune system-produced proteins. Serology, in the broader context, studies serum and bodily fluids, identifying diagnostic significance of antibodies. Whether responding to infection, mismatched transfusions, or autoimmune diseases, antibodies unveil the human body's immune history. Despite the scientific sophistication of serological tests, the actual principle behind them is surprisingly simple and elegant.


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