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Cervix

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What is the Cervix?

The cervix is the lower narrow part of the uterus (womb) that connects the uterus to the vagina. The cervix is only about an inch or two long and shaped like a cylinder. It acts like a gateway between the bladder (where urine is stored) in front and the vagina (the birth canal) behind.


It serves as the passageway through which menstrual blood exits the uterus during menstruation and through which sperm enters the uterus during sexual intercourse to reach the fallopian tubes for fertilization of the egg.


Parts of the Cervix:

The cervix can be divided into several distinct parts, each with its own anatomical and functional characteristics. These parts include:

- External Os: Also known as the external cervical os or simply the os, this is the opening of the cervix that connects the cervical canal to the vagina. It is the passageway through which menstrual blood exits the uterus and through which sperm enters during sexual intercourse.


- Endocervical Canal: This refers to the part of the cervical canal that is closest to the uterine cavity (internal os). It is lined with columnar epithelium and contains mucus- secreting glands.